八大时态（一般现在时等时态的合称）

指英语中的八个基本时态，即：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。

八大时态（一般现在时等时态的合称）

一般现在时

1.概念：指经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek（day,year,month…）,once a week,on Sundays,

3.基本结构：主语+动词原形，如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加，eS

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don’t,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn’t，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

6.例句：It seldom snows here.

He is always ready to help others.

Action speaks louder than words.

7.特殊用法：一些动词可用一般现在时来表达现在进行时：

verbs of the senses:hear,see,taste,smell

verbs of the thinking:believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember

verbs of the linking:dislike,fear,hate,like,love,want

verbs of the possession:belong,have,own,possess

一般过去时

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week（year,night,month…）,in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.

3.基本结构：含有Be动词主语+was/were+形容词或者名词……

不含有be动词：主语+动词过去式+……

4.否定句：带be:主语+was/were not+形容词或者名词+……

不带be：主语+didn’t+动词原形+……

5.一般疑问句：含be动词was或were放于句首；

不含be动词用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词原型。

Did+主语+动词原形+……？

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.

I didn’t know you were so busy.

She sang a song of Lin Feng yesterday.

现在进行时

1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语：now,at this time,these days,etc.

3.基本结构：Be动词，am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式：Be动词，am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于疑问词的后面。

6.例句：How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.

7.一般表示位移的词如leave fly arrive go come.等用现在进行时表将来。

I am flying Beijing next week.表示我下周即将飞往北京。

He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.他明天即将去北京。

8.现在进行时就是一个动词后面加ing

过去进行时

1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构：was/were+doing

4.否定形式：was/were+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

现在完成时

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语：recently,lately, since…for…,in the past few years,etc.

3.基本结构：have/has+done

4.否定形式：have/has+not+done.

5.一般疑问句：have或has提前。

6.例句：I’ve written an article.

It has been raining these days.

过去完成时

1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语：before,by the end of last year（term,month…）,by the time…,etc.

3.基本结构：had+done.

4.否定形式：had+not+done.

5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station,the train had left.

By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books

一般将来时

1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语：tomorrow,next day（week, month, year…）,soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

3.基本结构：am/is/are+going to+do；will/shall+do.

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+going to;在行为动词前加will/shall（will适用于所有人称，shall只用于第一人称

5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

It is going to rain.

I think he will be back soon

过去将来时

1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语：the next day（morning,year…）,the following month（week…）,etc.

3.基本结构：was/were+going to+do；would/should+do.

4.否定形式：was/were+not+going to+do;would/should+not+do.

5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。

6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.

I asked who was going there.

八大时态（一般现在时等时态的合称）

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

现在完成时

过去完成时

一般将来时

过去将来时

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